Route Instructor Lab Manual

Route Instructor Lab Manual

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CCNP ROUTE 6. 0 Instructor Lab Manual This document is exclusive property of Cisco Systems, Inc. Permission is granted to print and copy this document for non-commercial distribution and exclusive use by instructors in the CCNP TSHOOT course as part of an official Cisco Networking Academy Program. CCNPv6 ROUTE Chapter 1 Lab 1-1, Tcl Script Reference and Demonstration Instructor Version Topology Objectives • • Use Tcl scripts to verify full connectivity. Identify causes of failures. Background

The Cisco IOS Scripting feature provides the ability to run Tool Command Language (Tcl) commands from the Cisco IOS command-line interface (CLI). Tcl scripts can be created to accomplish routine and repetitive functions with Cisco IOS-based networking devices. In this lab, you create and execute a Tcl script that sends pings to multiple IP addresses in the network to test overall network connectivity. Note: Cisco IOS Release 12. 3(2)T and later supports Tcl scripting. Required Resources • • 2 routers (Cisco 1841 with Cisco IOS Release 12. (24)T1 Advanced IP Service or comparable) Serial and console cables Note: This lab uses Cisco 1841 routers with Cisco IOS Release 12. 4(24)T1 and the advanced IP image c1841-advipservicesk9-mz. 124-24. T1. bin. Other routers (such as a 2801 or 2811) and Cisco IOS Software versions can be used if they have comparable capabilities and features. Depending on the router model and Cisco IOS Software version, the commands available and output produced might vary from what is shown in this lab. All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc.

All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 1 of 12 CCNPv6 ROUTE Step 1: Configure initial settings. Copy and paste the following initial configurations for R1 and R2. Router R1 hostname R1. interface loopback 1 ip address 10. 1. 1. 1 255. 255. 255. 252. interface loopback 2 ip address 10. 1. 2. 1 255. 255. 255. 252. interface loopback 3 ip address 10. 1. 3. 1 255. 255. 255. 252. interface loopback 4 ip address 10. 1. 4. 1 255. 255. 255. 252. interface serial 0/0/0 ip address 10. 100. 12. 1 255. 255. 255. 52 clock rate 64000 bandwidth 64 no shutdown. router rip version 2 network 10. 0. 0. 0 no auto-summary. end Note: A 30-bit subnet mask (255. 255. 255. 252) is used for the serial links in this lab. However, starting with IOS 12. 2(4)T, the 31-bit subnet mask (255. 255. 255. 254) is supported on IPv4 point-to-point interfaces (per RFC 3021), requiring only 2 IP addresses per point-to-point link (. 0 and. 1). The IP Unnumbered feature can also be used to conserve IP addresses. Router R2 hostname R2. interface loopback 1 ip address 10. 2. 1. 1 255. 255. 55. 252. interface loopback 2 ip address 10. 2. 2. 1 255. 255. 255. 252. interface loopback 3 ip address 10. 2. 3. 1 255. 255. 255. 252. interface loopback 4 ip address 10. 2. 4. 1 255. 255. 255. 252. interface serial 0/0/0 bandwidth 64 All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 2 of 12 CCNPv6 ROUTE no shutdown. router rip version 2 network 10. 0. 0. 0 no auto-summary. end Do you think that these configurations will achieve full connectivity between R1 and R2? Explain. _________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ None of the pings across the serial link will succeed because the serial 0/0/0 interface on R2 does not have an IP address.

R1 will not be able to ping any addresses on R2, and R2 will not be able to ping any addresses on R1. R1 is also unable to ping its 10. 100. 12. 1 address on its serial 0/0/0 interface because that ping must travel first to R2 before returning to R1. This will be explained in more detail later in the lab. Step 2: Verify connectivity. The simplest way to verify OSI Layer 3 connectivity between two routers

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is to use ICMP. ICMP defines a number of message types in RFC 792 for IPv4 and RFC 4443 for IPv6. (See www. etf. org and http:/tools. ietf. org for more information.) ICMP defines procedures for echo (ping), traceroute, and source notification of unreachable networks. Pinging an IP address can result in a variety of ICMP messages, but the only message indicating that a ping is successful is the ICMP echo reply message indicated by an exclamation point (!) in the output of the ping command. The following command on R1 pings its Lo1 interface. Loopback interfaces always have a status of UP/UP. R1# ping 10. 1. 1. Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 1. 1. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms In Step 1, you might have noticed that the R2 configuration omits an IP address on serial 0/0/0. R2 does not exchange IP packets with R1 because the IP protocol is not running on the R2 serial interface until the IP address has been configured. Without this IP address, for which addresses in the topology diagram do you expect the ping to fail? _________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 3 of 12

CCNPv6 ROUTE __________________________________________________________________________________ None of the pings across the serial link will succeed because the serial 0/0/0 interface on R2 does not have an IP address. R1 will not be able to ping any addresses on R2, and R2 will not be able to ping any addresses on R1. R1 is also unable to ping its 10. 100. 12. 1 address on its serial 0/0/0 interface because that ping must travel first to R2 before returning to R1. This will be explained in more detail later in the lab.

Step 3: Create and execute a Tcl script. Tcl scripts can be created to accomplish routine and repetitive functions with Cisco IOS-based networking devices. To construct a simple connectivity verification script, do the following. a. Open a text editor and create a new text file. Using a text file saves time, especially if you are pasting the Tcl script into multiple devices. b. Start with the tclsh command to enter Tcl shell mode in which you can use native Tcl instructions like foreach or issue EXEC mode commands.

You can also access configuration mode from within the Tcl shell and issue configuration commands from their respective menus, although these features are not explored in this lab. R1# tclsh R1(tcl)# c. Begin a loop using the foreach instruction. The loop iterates over a sequence of values, executing a defined sequence of instructions once for each value. Think of it as “for each value in Values, do each instruction in Instructions. ” For each iteration of the loop, $identifier reflects the current value in Values. The foreach instruction uses the following model. foreach identifier { value1 value2.. valueX } { instruction1 instruction2. .. instructionY } d. To create a Tcl script that pings every IP address in the topology, enter each IP address in the value list. Issue the ping $address command as the only instruction in the instruction list. foreach address { 10. 1. 1.

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1 10. 1. 2. 1 10. 1. 3. 1 10. 1. 4. 1 10. 100. 12. 1 10. 2. 1. 1 10. 2. 2. 1 10. 2. 3. 1 10. 2. 4. 1 10. 100. 12. 2 } { All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 4 of 12 CCNPv6 ROUTE ping $address } e.

Enter Tcl mode with the tclsh command, and copy the Tcl script from the text file and paste it into R1. R1# tclsh R1(tcl)#foreach address { +>(tcl)#10. 1. 1. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 1. 2. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 1. 3. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 1. 4. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 100. 12. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 2. 1. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 2. 2. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 2. 3. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 2. 4. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 100. 12. 2 +>(tcl)#} { +>(tcl)#ping $address +>(tcl)#} Note: You might need to press Enter to execute the script. Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 1. 1. 1, timeout is 2 seconds: !

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/4 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 1. 2. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/4 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 1. 3. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/4 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 1. 4. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/4 ms Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 100. 12. 1, timeout is 2 seconds: ….. Success rate is 0 percent (0/5) Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 2. 1. 1, timeout is 2 seconds: ….. Success rate is 0 percent (0/5) Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 2. 2. 1, timeout is 2 seconds: ….. Success rate is 0 percent (0/5) Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 2. 3. 1, timeout is 2 seconds: ….. Success rate is 0 percent (0/5) Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 2. 4., timeout is 2 seconds: ….. Success rate is 0 percent (0/5) All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 5 of 12 CCNPv6 ROUTE Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 100. 12. 2, timeout is 2 seconds: ….. Success rate is 0 percent (0/5) f. Enter Tcl mode with the tclsh command, and copy the Tcl script from the text file and paste it into R2. R2# tclsh R2(tcl)#foreach address { +>(tcl)#10. 1. 1. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 1. 2. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 1. 3. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 1. 4. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 100. 12. +>(tcl)#10. 2. 1. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 2. 2. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 2. 3. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 2. 4. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 100. 12. 2 +>(tcl)#} { +>(tcl)#ping $address +>(tcl)#} Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 1. 1. 1, timeout is 2 seconds: ….. Success rate is 0 percent (0/5) Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 1. 2. 1, timeout is 2 seconds: ….. Success rate is 0 percent (0/5) Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 1. 3. 1, timeout is 2 seconds: ….. Success rate is 0 percent (0/5) Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 1. 4. 1, timeout is 2 seconds: ….. Success rate is 0 percent (0/5) Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 100. 12. 1, timeout is 2 seconds: ….. Success rate is 0 percent (0/5) Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 2. 1. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/4 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 2. 2. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/4 ms Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 2. 3. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 2. 4. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This

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document is Cisco Public Information. Page 6 of 12 CCNPv6 ROUTE Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 100. 12. 2, timeout is 2 seconds: ….. Success rate is 0 percent (0/5) g.

Exit Tcl mode using the tclquit command on each device. R1(tcl)#tclquit Note: You can also use the exit command to exit Tcl mode. Notice that in the previous output, R1 and R2 could not route pings to the remote loopback networks for which they did not have routes installed in their routing tables. You might have also noticed that R1 could not ping its local address on serial 0/0/0. This is because with PPP, HDLC, Frame Relay, and ATM serial technologies, all packets, including pings to the local interface, must be forwarded across the link. For instance, R1 attempts to ping 10. 100. 12. and routes the packet out serial 0/0/0, even though the address is a local interface. Assume that an IP address of 10. 100. 12. 2/30 is assigned to the serial 0/0/0 interface on R2. When a ping from R1 to 10. 100. 12. 1 reaches R2, R2 evaluates that this is not its address on the 10. 100. 12. 0/30 subnet and routes the packet back to R1 using its serial 0/0/0 interface. R1 receives the packet and evaluates that 10. 100. 12. 1 is the address of the local interface. R1 opens this packet using ICMP, and responds to the ICMP echo request (ping) with an echo reply destined for 10. 100. 12. 1.

R1 encapsulates the echo reply at serial 0/0/0 and routes the packet to R2. R2 receives the packet and routes it back to R1, the originator of the ICMP echo. The ICMP protocol on R1 receives the echo reply, associates it with the ICMP echo that it sent, and displays the output in the form of an exclamation point. Note: To understand this behavior, you can observe the output of the debug ip icmp and debug ip packet commands on R1 and R2 while pinging with the configurations provided in Step 1. Step 4: Resolve connectivity issues. a. On R2, assign the IP address 10. 100. 12. 2/30 to serial 0/0/0.

R2# conf t R2(config)# interface serial 0/0/0 R2(config-if)# ip address 10. 100. 12. 2 255. 255. 255. 252 b. On each router, verify the receipt of RIPv2 routing information with the show ip protocols command. R1# show ip protocols Routing Protocol is “rip” Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 28 seconds Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240 Redistributing: rip Default version control: send version 2, receive version 2 Interface Send Recv

Triggered RIP Key-chain Serial0/0/0 2 2 Loopback1 2 2 Loopback2 2 2 Loopback3 2 2 Loopback4 2 2 Automatic network summarization is not in effect Maximum path: 4 Routing for Networks: 10. 0. 0. 0 All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 7 of 12 CCNPv6 ROUTE Routing Information Sources: Gateway Distance 10. 100. 12. 2 120 Distance: (default is 120) Last Update 00:00:13

R2# show ip protocols Routing Protocol is “rip” Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 26 seconds Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240 Redistributing: rip Default version control: send

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version 2, receive version 2 Interface Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain Serial0/0/0 2 2 Loopback1 2 2 Loopback2 2 2 Loopback3 2 2 Loopback4 2 2 Automatic network summarization is not in effect Maximum path: 4 Routing for Networks: 10.. 0. 0 Routing Information Sources: Gateway Distance Last Update 10. 100. 12. 1 120 00:00:14 Distance: (default is 120) c. On each router, verify full connectivity to all subnets in the diagram by issuing the tclsh command and pasting the Tcl script on the command line in privileged EXEC mode. R1# tclsh R1(tcl)#foreach address { +>(tcl)#10. 1. 1. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 1. 2. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 1. 3. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 1. 4. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 100. 12. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 2. 1. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 2. 2. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 2. 3. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 2. 4. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 100. 12. +>(tcl)#} { +>(tcl)#ping $address +>(tcl)#} Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 1. 1. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/4 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 1. 2. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/4 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 1. 3. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 8 of 12 CCNPv6 ROUTE Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/4 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 1. 4. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/4 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 100. 12. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 56/57/64 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 2. 1. 1, timeout is 2 seconds: !

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/28/32 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 2. 2. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/28/28 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 2. 3. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/28/32 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 2. 4. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/28/28 Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 100. 12. 2, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/28/32 R1(tcl)#tclquit ms ms ms ms ms ms Notice that the average round-trip time for an ICMP packet from R1 to 10. 100. 12. 1 is approximately twice that of a packet from R1 to loopback1 on R2. This verifies the conclusion reached in Step 3 that the ICMP echo request to 10. 100. 12. 1 and the ICMP echo reply from 10. 100. 12. 1 each traverse the link twice to verify full connectivity across the link. R2# tclsh R2(tcl)#foreach address { +>(tcl)#10.. 1. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 1. 2. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 1. 3. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 1. 4. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 100. 12. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 2. 1. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 2. 2. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 2. 3. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 2. 4. 1 +>(tcl)#10. 100. 12. 2 +>(tcl)#} { +>(tcl)#ping $address +>(tcl)#} Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 1. 1. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/28/32 ms Type escape sequence to abort. All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 9 of 12 CCNPv6 ROUTE Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 1. 2. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/28/32 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 1. 3. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/28/32 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 1. 4. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/28/32 Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending

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5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 100. 12. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/28/28 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 2. 1. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/4 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 2. 2. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 2. 3., timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/4 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 2. 4. 1, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/4 ms Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 100. 12. 2, timeout is 2 seconds:. Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 56/58/68 R2(tcl)#tclquit ms ms ms ms ms Notice also that the average round-trip time for an ICMP packet from R2 to 10. 100. 12. is approximately twice that of a packet from R2 to loopback1 on R1. Conclusion The creation of Tcl scripts takes a little extra time initially but can save considerable time during testing each time the script is executed. Use Tcl scripts to verify all your configurations in this course. If you verify your work, both academically and in production networks, you will gain knowledge and save time in troubleshooting. All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 10 of 12 CCNPv6 ROUTE Router Interface Summary Table

Router Model 1700 1800 2600 2800 Router Interface Summary Ethernet Interface Ethernet Interface Serial Interface #1 #2 #1 Fast Ethernet 0 (FA0) Fast Ethernet 0/0 (FA0/0) Fast Ethernet 0/0 (FA0/0) Fast Ethernet 0/0 (FA0/0) Fast Ethernet 1 (FA1) Fast Ethernet 0/1 (FA0/1) Fast Ethernet 0/1 (FA0/1) Fast Ethernet 0/1 (FA0/1) Serial 0 (S0) Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0 (S0/0) Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial Interface #2 Serial 1 (S1) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1) Serial 0/1 (S0/1) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1) Note: To find out how the router is configured, look at the interfaces to identify the type of router and how many interfaces the router has.

Rather than list all the combinations of configurations for each router class, this table includes identifiers for the possible combinations of Ethernet and serial interfaces in the device. The table does not include any other type of interface, even though a specific router might contain one. An example of this is an ISDN BRI interface. The string in parenthesis is the legal abbreviation that can be used in Cisco IOS commands to represent the interface. All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 11 of 12 CCNPv6 ROUTE

Device Configurations (Instructor version) Router R1 hostname R1. interface Loopback1 ip address 10. 1. 1. 1 255. 255. 255. 252. interface Loopback2 ip address 10. 1. 2. 1 255. 255. 255. 252. interface Loopback3 ip address 10. 1. 3. 1 255. 255. 255. 252. interface Loopback4 ip address 10. 1. 4. 1 255. 255. 255. 252. interface Serial0/0/0 ip address 10. 100. 12. 1 255. 255. 255. 252 clock rate 64000 no shut. router rip version 2 network 10. 0. 0. 0 no auto-summary. end Router R2 hostname R2. interface Loopback1 ip address 10. 2. 1. 1 255. 255. 255. 252. interface Loopback2 ip address 10. 2.

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2. 1 255. 255. 255. 252. nterface Loopback3 ip address 10. 2. 3. 1 255. 255. 255. 252. interface Loopback4 ip address 10. 2. 4. 1 255. 255. 255. 252. interface Serial0/0/0 ip address 10. 100. 12. 2 255. 255. 255. 252 no shut. router rip version 2 network 10. 0. 0. 0 no auto-summary. end All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 12 of 12 CCNPv6 ROUTE Chapter 2 Lab 2-1, EIGRP Configuration, Bandwidth, and Adjacencies Instructor Version Topology Objectives • • • • • • Configure EIGRP on multiple routers. Configure the bandwidth command to modify the EIGRP metric.

Verify EIGRP adjacencies. Verify EIGRP routing information exchange. Use debugging commands for troubleshooting EIGRP. (Challenge) Test convergence for EIGRP when a topology change occurs. Background You are responsible for configuring a new network to connect your company’s Engineering, Marketing, and Accounting departments, represented by the loopback interfaces on each of the three routers. The physical devices have just been installed and are connected by Fast Ethernet and serial interfaces. Your task is to configure EIGRP to enable full connectivity between all departments. All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc.

All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 1 of 15 CCNPv6 ROUTE Note: This lab uses Cisco 1841 routers with Cisco IOS Release 12. 4(24)T1 and the Advanced IP Services image c1841-advipservicesk9-mz. 124-24. T1. bin. The switch is a Cisco WS-C2960-24TT-L with the Cisco IOS image c2960-lanbasek9-mz. 122-46. SE. bin. You can use other routers (such as 2801 or 2811), switches (such as 2950), and Cisco IOS Software versions if they have comparable capabilities and features. Depending on the router or switch model and Cisco IOS Software version, the commands available and output produced might vary from what is hown in this lab. Required Resources • • • 3 routers (Cisco 1841 with Cisco IOS Release 12. 4(24)T1 Advanced IP Services or comparable) 1 switch (Cisco 2960 with the Cisco IOS Release 12. 2(46)SE C2960-LANBASEK9-M image or comparable) Serial and Ethernet cables Step 1: Configure addressing and loopbacks. a. Using the addressing scheme in the diagram, apply IP addresses to the Fast Ethernet interfaces on R1, R2, and R3. Then create Loopback1 on R1, Loopback2 on R2, and Loopback3 on R3 and address them according to the diagram.

R1# configure terminal R1(config)# interface Loopback1 R1(config-if)# description Engineering Department R1(config-if)# ip address 10. 1. 1. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 R1(config-if)# exit R1(config)# interface FastEthernet0/0 R1(config-if)# ip address 10. 1. 100. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 R1(config-if)# no shutdown R2# configure terminal R2(config)# interface Loopback2 R2(config-if)# description Marketing Department R2(config-if)# ip address 10. 1. 2. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 R2(config-if)# exit R2(config)# interface FastEthernet0/0 R2(config-if)# ip address 10. 1. 100. 2 255. 255. 255. R2(config-if)# no shutdown R3# configure terminal R3(config)# interface Loopback3 R3(config-if)# description Accounting Department R3(config-if)# ip address 10. 1. 3. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 R3(config-if)# exit R3(config)# interface FastEthernet0/0 R3(config-if)# ip address 10. 1. 100. 3 255. 255. 255. 0 R3(config-if)# no shutdown Leave the switch in its default (blank) configuration. By default, all switch ports are in VLAN1 and are not administratively down. Note: If the switch has been previously configured, erase the startup config, delete the vlan. dat file from flash memory, and reload the switch.

For now, also leave the serial interfaces in their default configuration. You will configure the serial link between R1 and R2 in Step 4. All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page

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2 of 15 CCNPv6 ROUTE b. Verify that the line protocol of each interface is up and that you can successfully ping across each link. You should see output similar to the following on each router. R1# show ip interface Interface Protocol FastEthernet0/0 FastEthernet0/1 Serial0/0/0 Serial0/0/1 Loopback1 brief IP-Address 10. 1. 100. 1 unassigned unassigned unassigned 10. 1. 1. 1 OK?

Method Status YES YES YES YES YES manual unset manual unset manual up up administratively down down administratively down down administratively down down up up Step 2: Configure EIGRP on the Ethernet network. a. After you have implemented your addressing scheme, create an EIGRP autonomous system (AS) on R1 using the following commands in global configuration mode. R1(config)# router eigrp 1 R1(config-router)# network 10. 0. 0. 0 R1(config-router)# no auto-summary Using network statements with major networks causes EIGRP to begin sending EIGRP hello packets out all interfaces in that network (that is, subnets of the major network 10.. 0. 0/8). In this case, EIGRP should start sending hello packets out of its FastEthernet0/0 and Loopback1 interfaces. b. To check if this is occurring, use the debug eigrp packets command in privileged EXEC mode. R1# debug eigrp packets EIGRP Packets debugging is on (UPDATE, REQUEST, QUERY, REPLY, HELLO, IPXSAP, PROBE, ACK, STUB, SIAQUERY, SIAREPLY) R1# *Feb 3 16:54:43. 555: EIGRP: Sending HELLO on FastEthernet0/0 *Feb 3 16:54:43. 555: AS 1, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 dbQ un/rely 0/0 *Feb 3 16:54:43. 995: EIGRP: Sending HELLO on Loopback1 *Feb 3 16:54:43. 95: AS 1, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 dbQ un/rely 0/0 *Feb 3 16:54:43. 995: EIGRP: Received HELLO on Loopback1 nbr 10. 1. 1. 1 *Feb 3 16:54:43. 995: AS 1, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 *Feb 3 16:54:43. 995: EIGRP: Packet from ourselves ignored The hello packets are unanswered by the other routers because EIGRP is not yet running on R2 or R3. R1 ignores the hello packets from itself on Loopback1. c. Use the undebug all command to stop the debug output. R1# undebug all d. Use the show ip eigrp interfaces command to display the interfaces that are participating in EIGRP.

R1# show ip eigrp interfaces IP-EIGRP interfaces for process 1 Xmit Queue Pending Interface Fa0/0 Lo1 Peers 0 0 Un/Reliable 0/0 0/0 Mean SRTT 0 0 Pacing Time Un/Reliable 0/1 0/1 Multicast Flow Timer 0 0 Routes 0 0 Which interfaces are involved in the EIGRP routing process on this router? _______________________________________________________________________________ All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 3 of 15 CCNPv6 ROUTE Interfaces Loopback 1 and FastEthernet 0/0 are each participating in the EIGRP routing process on R1.

To monitor the EIGRP adjacency forming between routers R1 and R2 in real time while you configure R2, issue the debug eigrp packets command on both routers before configuring router R2. e. In global configuration mode on R2, issue the same set of commands that you issued on R1 to create EIGRP AS 1 and advertise the 10. 0. 0. 0/8 network. You should see debug output similar to the following. R2# debug eigrp packets EIGRP Packets debugging is on (UPDATE, REQUEST, QUERY, REPLY, HELLO, IPXSAP, PROBE, ACK, STUB, SIAQUERY, SIAREPLY) R2# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line.

End with CNTL/Z. R2(config)# router eigrp 1 R2(config-router)# network 10. 0. 0. 0 R2(config-router)# *Feb 3 17:01:03. 427: EIGRP: Sending HELLO on FastEthernet0/0 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 427: AS 1, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 dbQ un/rely 0/0 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 431: EIGRP: Received

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HELLO on FastEthernet0/0 nbr 10. 1. 100. 1 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 431: AS 1, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 431: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(0) 1: Neighbor 10. 1. 100. 1 (FastEthernet0/0) is up: new adjacency *Feb 3 17:01:03. 431: EIGRP: Enqueueing UPDATE on FastEthernet0/0 nbr 10. 1. 100. dbQ un/rely 0/1 peerQ un/rely 0/0 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 435: EIGRP: Received UPDATE on FastEthernet0/0 nbr 10. 1. 100. 1 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 435: AS 1, Flags 0x1, Seq 1/0 idbQ 0/0 dbQ un/rely 0/1 peerQ un/rely 0/0 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 435: EIGRP: Requeued unicast on FastEthernet0/0 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 435: EIGRP: Sending HELLO on FastEthernet0/0 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 435: AS 1, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 dbQ un/rely 0/0 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 439: EIGRP: Sending UPDATE on FastEthernet0/0 nbr 10. 1. 100. 1 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 439: AS 1, Flags 0x1, Seq 1/1 idbQ 0/0 dbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/1 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 43: EIGRP: Received UPDATE on FastEthernet0/0 nbr 10. 1. 100. 1 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 443: AS 1, Flags 0x8, Seq 2/0 idbQ 0/0 dbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/1 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 447: EIGRP: Received ACK on FastEthernet0/0 nbr 10. 1. 100. 1 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 447: AS 1, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/1 idbQ 0/0 dbQ un/rely 0/0 un/rely 0/1 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 447: EIGRP: Enqueueing UPDATE on FastEthernet0/0 nbr 10. 1. 100. 1 dbQ un/rely 0/1 peerQ un/rely 0/0 serno 1-2 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 451: EIGRP: Requeued unicast on FastEthernet0/0 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 455: EIGRP: Sending UPDATE on FastEthernet0/0 nbr 10. 1. 100. 1 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 55: AS 1, Flags 0x8, Seq 2/2 idbQ 0/0 dbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/1 serno 1-2 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 455: EIGRP: Enqueueing UPDATE on FastEthernet0/0 dbQ un/rely 0/1 serno 3-3 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 455: EIGRP: Received UPDATE on FastEthernet0/0 nbr 10. 1. 100. 1 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 455: AS 1, Flags 0x8, Seq 3/1 idbQ 0/0 dbQ un/rely 0/1 peerQ un/rely 0/1 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 455: EIGRP: Enqueueing ACK on FastEthernet0/0 nbr 10. 1. 100. 1 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 455: Ack seq 3 dbQ un/rely 0/1 peerQ un/rely 1/1 *Feb 3 17:01:03. 459: EIGRP: Received ACK on FastEthernet0/0 nbr 10. 1. 100. 1 All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc.

All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 4 of 15 CCNPv6 ROUTE *Feb peerQ *Feb *Feb *Feb serno *Feb *Feb peerQ *Feb *Feb *Feb peerQ 3 17:01:03. 459: un/rely 1/1 3 17:01:03. 467: 3 17:01:03. 467: 3 17:01:03. 467: 3-3 3 17:01:03. 471: 3 17:01:03. 471: un/rely 1/1 3 17:01:03. 471: 3 17:01:03. 479: 3 17:01:03. 479: un/rely 1/0 AS 1, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/2 idbQ 0/0 dbQ un/rely 0/1 EIGRP: Forcing multicast xmit on FastEthernet0/0 EIGRP: Sending UPDATE on FastEthernet0/0 AS 1, Flags 0x0, Seq 3/0 idbQ 0/0 dbQ un/rely 0/0 EIGRP: Received ACK on FastEthernet0/0 nbr 10. 1. 100. AS 1, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/3 idbQ 0/0 dbQ un/rely 0/0 EIGRP: FastEthernet0/0 multicast flow blocking cleared EIGRP: Sending ACK on FastEthernet0/0 nbr 10. 1. 100. 1 AS 1, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/3 idbQ 0/0 dbQ un/rely 0/0 The debug output displays the EIGRP hello, update, and ACK packets. Because EIGRP uses Reliable Transport Protocol (RTP) for update packets, you see routers replying to update packets with the ACK packet. You can turn off debugging with the undebug all command. f. Configure EIGRP on R3 using the same commands. R3(config)# router eigrp 1 R3(config-router)# network 10. 0. 0. 0 *Feb 3 17:16:05. 15: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(0) 1: Neighbor 10. 1. 100. 2 (FastEthernet0/1) is up: new adjacency *Feb 3 17:16:05. 419: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(0) 1: Neighbor 10. 1. 100. 1 (FastEthernet0/1) is up: new adjacency Step 3: Verify the EIGRP configuration. a. When R3 is configured, issue the show ip eigrp neighbors command on each router. If you have configured each router successfully, each router has two adjacencies. Note: In the output, the “H” column on the left lists the order in which a peering session was established with the specified neighbor. The order uses sequential numbering, starting with 0.

The “H” stands for “handle,” which is an internal number used by the EIGRP implementation to refer to a particular neighbor. R1# show ip eigrp neighbors IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 1 H Address Interface 1 0 10. 1. 100. 3 10. 1. 100. 2 Fa0/0 Fa0/0 Hold Uptime SRTT (sec) (ms) 10 00:00:17 1

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11 00:02:01 5 RTO Q Cnt 200 0 200 0 Seq Num 7 6 R2# show ip eigrp neighbors IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 1 H Address Interface 1 0 10. 1. 100. 3 10. 1. 100. 1 Fa0/0 Fa0/0 Hold Uptime SRTT (sec) (ms) 13 00:00:56 1 12 00:02:40 1 RTO Q Cnt 200 0 200 0 Seq Num 7 47 R3# show ip eigrp neighbors IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 1 H Address Interface 1 0 10.. 100. 2 10. 1. 100. 1 Fa0/0 Fa0/0 Hold Uptime SRTT (sec) (ms) 11 00:01:21 819 11 00:01:21 2 Q Cnt 4914 0 200 0 RTO Seq Num 6 47 All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 5 of 15 CCNPv6 ROUTE b. Check whether the EIGRP routes are being exchanged between the routers using the show ip eigrp topology command. R1# show ip eigrp topology IP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(1)/ID(10. 1. 1. 1) Codes: P – Passive, A – Active, U – Update, Q – Query, R – Reply, r – reply Status, s – sia Status P 10. 1. 3. 0/24, 1 successors, FD is 156160 via 10.. 100. 3 (156160/128256), FastEthernet0/0 P 10. 1. 2. 0/24, 1 successors, FD is 156160 via 10. 1. 100. 2 (156160/128256), FastEthernet0/0 P 10. 1. 1. 0/24, 1 successors, FD is 128256 via Connected, Loopback1 P 10. 1. 100. 0/24, 1 successors, FD is 28160 via Connected, FastEthernet0/0 You should see all the networks currently advertised by EIGRP on every router. You will explore the output of this command in the next lab. For now, verify that each loopback network exists in the EIGRP topology table. c. Because EIGRP is the only routing protocol running and currently has routes to these networks, issuing the how ip route eigrp command displays the best route to the destination network. R1# show ip route eigrp 10. 0. 0. 0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets D 10. 1. 3. 0 [90/156160] via 10. 1. 100. 3, 00:00:53, FastEthernet0/0 D 10. 1. 2. 0 [90/156160] via 10. 1. 100. 2, 00:00:53, FastEthernet0/0 d. To check whether you have full connectivity, ping the remote loopbacks from each router. If you have successfully pinged all the remote loopbacks, congratulations! You have configured EIGRP to route between these three remote networks. Step 4: Configure EIGRP on the R1 and R2 serial interfaces. a.

Your serial interfaces are still in their default configuration. Specify the interface addresses according to the diagram, and set the clock rate to 64 kb/s for R1. R1(config)# interface serial 0/0/0 R1(config-if)# ip address 10. 1. 200. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 R1(config-if)# clock rate 64000 R1(config-if)# no shut R2(config)# interface serial 0/0/0 R2(config-if)# ip address 10. 1. 200. 2 255. 255. 255. 0 R2(config-if)# no shut Notice that even though you have clocked the interface at 64 kb/s, issuing the show interface serial 0/0/0 command reveals that the interface still shows the full T1 bandwidth of 1544 kb/s.

R1# show interfaces serial 0/0/0 Serial0/0/0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is GT96K Serial Internet address is 10. 1. 200. 1/24 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 6 of 15 CCNPv6 ROUTE The bandwidth is set primarily to provide the correct composite metric factor and a realistic and true description of the available bandwidth on an interface. It is also set to prevent EIGRP from flooding the interface.

By default, EIGRP uses up to 50 percent of the bandwidth that the interface reports to the Cisco IOS software. Suppose there was a significant routing instability in some other part of the EIGRP AS. If EIGRP were to use 50 percent of 1544 kb/s for its own routing information traffic, EIGRP traffic would fully saturate the low-bandwidth 64 kb/s serial link. Recall that EIGRP uses a composite metric in which one of the

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variables is the bandwidth of the interface. For EIGRP to make an accurate computation, it needs correct information about the bandwidth of the serial link.

Therefore, you must manually configure the bandwidth variable to 64 kb/s. b. Apply the bandwidth 64 command to the R1 and R2 serial interfaces. R1(config)# interface serial 0/0/0 R1(config-if)# bandwidth 64 R2(config)# interface serial 0/0/0 R2(config-if)# bandwidth 64 c. Verify that your bandwidth configuration is reflected in the output of the show interface serial 0/0/0 command. R1# show interfaces serial 0/0/0 Serial0/0/0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is GT96K Serial Internet address is 10. 1. 200. /24 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 64 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 R2# show interfaces serial 0/0/0 Serial0/0/0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is GT96K Serial Internet address is 10. 1. 200. 2/24 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 64 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 d. Issue the show ip eigrp neighbors command, which displays the following neighbor relationship between R1 and R2. R1# show ip eigrp neighbors IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 1 H Address Interface 2 1 0 10. 1. 200. 2 10. 1. 100. 3 10. 1. 100. 2 Se0/0/0 Fa0/0 Fa0/0

Hold Uptime SRTT (sec) (ms) 10 00:03:03 24 14 09:22:42 269 11 09:22:42 212 Q Cnt 200 0 1614 0 1272 0 RTO Seq Num 53 54 59 Step 5: Configure network statement wildcard masks. a. On R3, create Loopback11 with IP address 192. 168. 100. 1/30, and Loopback15 with IP address 192. 168. 100. 5/30. R3(config)# interface Loopback11 R3(config-if)# ip address 192. 168. 100. 1 255. 255. 255. 252 R3(config-if)# exit R3(config)# interface Loopback15 R3(config-if)# ip address 192. 168. 100. 5 255. 255. 255. 252 R3(config-if)# exit All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 7 of 15 CCNPv6 ROUTE How can you add the 192. 168. 100. 0/30 network to EIGRP without involving the 192. 168. 100. 4/30 network as well? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Use a mask in the EIGRP network statement to involve the 192. 168. 100. 0/30 subnet and not the 192. 168. 00. 4/30 subnet. The command network 192. 168. 100. 0 0. 0. 0. 3 allows any values for the final two bits in the last octet of the IP address. In Step 2, you looked at how network statements select networks for routing using major network boundaries. EIGRP also provides a way to select networks using wildcard masks. In a wildcard mask, bits that can vary are denoted by 1s in the binary bit values. If you wanted to route both Loopback11 and Loopback15 with EIGRP, you could use a wildcard mask that includes both of their network addresses, such as network 192. 168. 100. 0 0. 0. 0. 7 or network 192. 168. 00. 0 0. 0. 0. 255. However, in this scenario, you want to select only the IP network for Loopback11. b. On R3, issue the following commands: R3(config)# router eigrp 1 R3(config-router)# network 192. 168. 100. 0 0. 0. 0. 3 c. Did this solution work? Check it with the show ip eigrp interfaces command. Notice that Loopback11 is involved in EIGRP, and Loopback15 is not. R3# show ip eigrp interfaces IP-EIGRP interfaces for process 1 Xmit Queue Pending Interface Fa0/0 Lo3 Lo11 Peers 2 0 0 Un/Reliable 0/0 0/0 0/0 Mean SRTT 5 0 0 Pacing Time Un/Reliable 0/1 0/1 0/1 Multicast Flow Timer 50 0 0 Routes 0 0 0. Which of these two IP networks can you see in the routing table on R1 after EIGRP converges with the new network? Look at the output of the show ip route eigrp command on R1. R1# show ip route eigrp 10. 0. 0. 0/24 is subnetted, 5 subnets D 10. 1. 3. 0 [90/156160] via 10. 1. 100. 3, 00:05:59, FastEthernet0/0 D 10. 1. 2. 0 [90/156160] via 10. 1. 100. 2, 00:12:16, FastEthernet0/0 D 192. 168. 100. 0/24 [90/156160] via 10. 1. 100. 3, 00:03:05, FastEthernet0/0 Notice that the subnet mask for the 192. 168. 100. 0 network advertised by R3 is 24 bits.

This will be examined more fully in the next lab. Which configuration

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command would allow R3 to advertise the proper subnet mask to its adjacent routers? _______________________________________________________________________________ no auto-summary e. On R3, issue the show ip protocols command. Notice that automatic summarization is in effect. Also note the networks for which it is routing. R3# show ip protocols Routing Protocol is “eigrp 1” All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information.

Page 8 of 15 CCNPv6 ROUTE Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set Default networks flagged in outgoing updates Default networks accepted from incoming updates EIGRP metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0 EIGRP maximum hopcount 100 EIGRP maximum metric variance 1 Redistributing: eigrp 1 EIGRP NSF-aware route hold timer is 240s Automatic network summarization is in effect Automatic address summarization: 192. 168. 100. 0/24 for Loopback11 Summarizing with metric 128256 10. 0. 0. /8 for Loopback3, FastEthernet0/0 Summarizing with metric 28160 Maximum path: 4 Routing for Networks: 10. 0. 0. 0 192. 168. 100. 0/30 Routing Information Sources: Gateway Distance Last Update (this router) 90 00:22:13 Gateway Distance Last Update 10. 1. 100. 2 90 00:22:15 10. 1. 100. 1 90 00:22:15 Distance: internal 90 external 170 Challenge: Topology Change You have been reading up about the advantages of different routing protocols. You noticed statements claiming that EIGRP converges faster than other routing protocols in a topology where there are multiple paths to the destination network.

You are interested in testing this before you bring the network that you are designing online. Verify the neighbor relationships and that the routing table of each router has the original loopback interfaces of the other routers, as described in the initial diagram. Make sure that you issue the debug ip eigrp command on all routers. a. Issue the show ip route command on R2 and R3. R2# show ip route eigrp 10. 0. 0. 0/24 is subnetted, 5 subnets D 10. 1. 3. 0 [90/156160] via 10. 1. 100. 3, 00:05:22, FastEthernet0/0 D 10. 1. 1. 0 [90/156160] via 10. 1. 100., 00:05:22, FastEthernet0/0 D 192. 168. 100. 0/24 [90/156160] via 10. 1. 100. 3, 00:14:30, FastEthernet0/0 R3# show ip route eigrp 10. 0. 0. 0/24 is subnetted, 5 subnets D 10. 1. 2. 0 [90/156160] via 10. 1. 100. 2, 09:25:37, FastEthernet0/0 D 10. 1. 1. 0 [90/156160] via 10. 1. 100. 1, 09:25:37, FastEthernet0/0 D 10. 0. 0. 0/8 is a summary, 09:25:37, Null0 D 10. 1. 200. 0 [90/40514560] via 10. 1. 100. 2, 00:03:01, FastEthernet0/0 [90/40514560] via 10. 1. 100. 1, 00:03:01, FastEthernet0/0 192. 168. 100. 0/24 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks D 192. 168. 100. /24 is a summary, 00:18:15, Null0 b. From R3, trace the route to the Lo1 IP address on R1. R3# traceroute 10. 1. 1. 1 All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 9 of 15 CCNPv6 ROUTE Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to 10. 1. 1. 1 1 10. 1. 100. 1 4 msec * 0 msec R3 is using R1 as the next hop to get to destination network 10. 1. 1. 0/24 per the R3 routing table. However, R3 could potentially get to R1 through R2 via the serial link if the Fa0/0 interface on R1 was shut down.. From R3, issue a ping with a high repeat count to the destination address 10. 1. 1. 1. You should see multiple exclamation points flooding the console output from R3. R3# ping 10. 1. 1. 1 repeat 10000 d. While the extended ping on R3 is running, shut down the Fa0/0 interface on R1. Allow the pings on R3 to complete. R1(config)# interface FastEthernet0/0 R1(config-if)# shutdown Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 10000, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10. 1. 1. 1, timeout is 2 seconds: !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !…….! *Feb 4 13:35:55. 311: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(0) 1: Neighbor 10. 1. 100. 1 (FastEthernet0/0) is down: holding time expired !! !!

Success rate is 99 percent (9992/10000), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/16/68 ms From the perspective of R3, how many packets were dropped? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ When the R1 Fast

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Ethernet interface goes down, R1 uses R2 as its new successor to all networks and sends a poisoned reverse to R2 for all networks that it currently reaches via R2.

After 15 seconds, both R2 and R3 notice that R1 is no longer reachable via the Ethernet connection. R2 uses the serial link All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 10 of 15 CCNPv6 ROUTE immediately to reach R1, while R3 must enter the active state. Approximately 5 to 10 packets should be dropped when R1 Fa0/0 is shut down. In the output above, eight packets were dropped. Which of the EIGRP timers causes this delay in the route recalculation? ____________________________________________________________________________ __ The EIGRP hold timer resulted in the neighbor down status and route recalculation to use the S0/0/0 link. e. Use the traceroute command to find the new route from R3 to R1. R3# traceroute 10. 1. 1. 1 Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to 10. 1. 1. 1 1 10. 1. 100. 2 0 msec 0 msec 0 msec 2 10. 1. 200. 1 16 msec 12 msec * f. Start the repeated ping again from R3, and administratively bring up the Fa0/0 interface on R1. R3# ping 10. 1. 1. repeat 10000 R1(config)# interface FastEthernet0/0 R1(config-if)# no shutdown !! !! !! !! !! !! !…………! Feb 4 13:35:55. 147: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(0) 1: Neighbor 10. 1. 100. 1 (FastEthernet0/0) is up: new adjacency! !! Success rate is 99 percent (9983/10000), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/44 ms From the perspective of R3, how many packets were dropped? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Another 10 to 20 packets will be dropped when R1 Fa0/0 is brought up.

In the output above, 17 packets were dropped. Note: The loss of ICMP ECHO packets results in a significant delay, as many as 30 or more seconds. Why did it take so long for R3 to reestablish ping connectivity with R3 after the R1 Fa0/0 interface was reenabled and what changes could be made to correct the problem? The answer lies with the switch itself. The switch that connects the three routers together is in its default configuration, running STP on each port and requiring 30 seconds to proceed through Listening and Learning states until a port transitions to the Forwarding state.

The 17 lost packets are caused by the 30 seconds required by STP to transition the port to Forwarding state plus a couple of seconds for DTP to determine the port mode and perhaps ARP to resolve R3’s MAC address. All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 11 of 15 CCNPv6 ROUTE This issue can be addressed by configuring the switch with the spanning-tree portfast default command. In addition, all ports could be defined as static access ports using the switchport mode access command.

If you were using RIPv2 as your routing protocol instead of EIGRP, would fewer or more packets be dropped? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Although you could reason that the RIP hold time is longer than EIGRP, the true reason is that EIGRP converges faster because the DUAL algorithm allows diffusing updates to trigger the route recalculation on each router.

Therefore, RIPv2 would drop more packets during reconvergence than EIGRP. All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 12 of 15 CCNPv6 ROUTE Router Interface Summary Table Router Interface Summary Router Model

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1700 1800 2600 2800 Ethernet Interface #1 Fast Ethernet 0 (FA0) Fast Ethernet 0/0 (FA0/0) Fast Ethernet 0/0 (FA0/0) Fast Ethernet 0/0 (FA0/0) Ethernet Interface #2 Fast Ethernet 1 (FA1) Fast Ethernet 0/1 (FA0/1) Fast Ethernet 0/1 (FA0/1) Fast Ethernet 0/1 (FA0/1)

Serial Interface #1 Serial 0 (S0) Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0 (S0/0) Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial Interface #2 Serial 1 (S1) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1) Serial 0/1 (S0/1) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1) Note: To find out how the router is configured, look at the interfaces to identify the type of router and how many interfaces the router has. Rather than list all combinations of configurations for each router class, this table includes identifiers for the possible combinations of Ethernet and serial interfaces in the device. The table does not include any other type of interface, even though a specific router might contain one.

For example, for an ISDN BRI interface, the string in parenthesis is the legal abbreviation that can be used in Cisco IOS commands to represent the interface. All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 13 of 15 CCNPv6 ROUTE Device Configurations (Instructor version) Router R1 hostname R1. interface Loopback1 description Engineering Department ip address 10. 1. 1. 1 255. 255. 255. 0. interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 10. 1. 100. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 no shutdown. interface Serial0/0/0 bandwidth 64 ip address 10.. 200. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 clockrate 64000 no shutdown. router eigrp 1 network 10. 0. 0. 0 no auto-summary. end Router R2 hostname R2. interface Loopback2 description Marketing Department ip address 10. 1. 2. 1 255. 255. 255. 0. interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 10. 1. 100. 2 255. 255. 255. 0 no shutdown. interface Serial0/0/0 bandwidth 64 ip address 10. 1. 200. 2 255. 255. 255. 0 no shutdown. router eigrp 1 network 10. 0. 0. 0 no auto-summary. end Router R3 hostname R3. interface Loopback3 description Accounting Department ip address 10. 1. 3. 1 255. 255. 255. 0. nterface Loopback11 All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 14 of 15 CCNPv6 ROUTE ip address 192. 168. 100. 1 255. 255. 255. 252. interface Loopback15 ip address 192. 168. 100. 5 255. 255. 255. 252. interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 10. 1. 100. 3 255. 255. 255. 0 no shutdown. router eigrp 1 network 10. 0. 0. 0 network 192. 168. 100. 0 0. 0. 0. 3 auto-summary. end All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 15 of 15

CCNPv6 ROUTE Chapter 2 Lab 2-2, EIGRP Load Balancing Instructor Version Topology Objectives • • • • • • Review a basic EIGRP configuration. Explore the EIGRP topology table. Identify successors, feasible successors, and feasible distances. Use show and debug commands for the EIGRP topology table. Configure and verify equal-cost load balancing with EIGRP. Configure and verify unequal-cost load balancing with EIGRP. Background As a senior network engineer, you are considering deploying EIGRP in your corporation and want to evaluate its ability to converge quickly in a changing environment.

You are also interested in equal-cost and unequalcost load balancing because your network contains redundant links. These links are not often used by other All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 1 of 23 CCNPv6 ROUTE link-state routing protocols because of high metrics. Because you are interested in testing the EIGRP claims that you have read about, you decide to implement and test on a set of three lab routers before deploying EIGRP throughout your corporate network. Note: This lab uses Cisco 1841 routers with Cisco IOS Release 12. (24)T1 and the advanced IP services image c1841-advipservicesk9-mz. 124-24. T1. bin. You can use other routers (such as a 2801 or 2811) and Cisco IOS Software versions if they have comparable capabilities and features. Depending on the

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router model and Cisco IOS Software version, the commands available and output produced might vary from what is shown in this lab. Required Resources • • 3 routers (Cisco 1841 with Cisco IOS Release 12. 4(24)T1 Advanced IP Services or comparable) Serial and console cables Step 1: Configure the addressing and serial links. a.

Create three loopback interfaces on each router and address them as 10. 1. X. 1/30, 10. 1. X. 5/30, and 10. 1. X. 9/30, where X is the number of the router. Use the following table or the initial configurations located at the end of the lab. Router R1 R1 R1 R2 R2 R2 R3 R3 R3 Interface Loopback11 Loopback15 Loopback19 Loopback21 Loopback25 Loopback29 Loopback31 Loopback35 Loopback39 IP Address/Mask 10. 1. 1. 1/30 10. 1. 1. 5/30 10. 1. 1. 9/30 10. 1. 2. 1/30 10. 1. 2. 5/30 10. 1. 2. 9/30 10. 1. 3. 1/30 10. 1. 3. 5/30 10. 1. 3. 9/30 R1(config)# interface Loopback 11 R1(config-if)# ip address 10.. 1. 1 255. 255. 255. 252 R1(config-if)# exit R1(config)# interface Loopback 15 R1(config-if)# ip address 10. 1. 1. 5 255. 255. 255. 252 R1(config-if)# exit R1(config)# interface Loopback 19 R1(config-if)# ip address 10. 1. 1. 9 255. 255. 255. 252 R1(config-if)# exit R2(config)# interface Loopback 21 R2(config-if)# ip address 10. 1. 2. 1 255. 255. 255. 252 R2(config-if)# exit R2(config)# interface Loopback 25 R2(config-if)# ip address 10. 1. 2. 5 255. 255. 255. 252 R2(config-if)# exit R2(config)# interface Loopback 29 R2(config-if)# ip address 10. 1. 2. 9 255. 255. 255. 52 R2(config-if)# exit All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 2 of 23 CCNPv6 ROUTE R3(config)# interface Loopback 31 R3(config-if)# ip address 10. 1. 3. 1 255. 255. 255. 252 R3(config-if)# exit R3(config)# interface Loopback 35 R3(config-if)# ip address 10. 1. 3. 5 255. 255. 255. 252 R3(config-if)# exit R3(config)# interface Loopback 39 R3(config-if)# ip address 10. 1. 3. 9 255. 255. 255. 252 R3(config-if)# exit b. Specify the addresses of the serial interfaces as shown in the topology diagram.

Set the clock rate to 64 kb/s, and manually configure the interface bandwidth to 64 kb/s. Note: If you have WIC-2A/S serial interfaces, the maximum clock rate is 128 kb/s. If you have WIC-2T serial interfaces, the maximum clock rate is much higher (2. 048 Mb/s or higher depending on the hardware), which is more representative of a modern network WAN link. However, this lab uses 64 kb/s and 128 kb/s settings. R1(config)# interface Serial 0/0/0 R1(config-if)# description R1-;R2 R1(config-if)# clock rate 64000 R1(config-if)# bandwidth 64 R1(config-if)# ip address 10. 1. 102. 1 255. 255. 255. 48 R1(config-if)# no shutdown R1(config-if)# exit R1(config)# interface Serial 0/0/1 R1(config-if)# description R1-;R3 R1(config-if)# bandwidth 64 R1(config-if)# ip address 10. 1. 103. 1 255. 255. 255. 248 R1(config-if)# no shutdown R1(config-if)# exit R2(config)# interface Serial 0/0/0 R2(config-if)# description R2-;R1 R2(config-if)# bandwidth 64 R2(config-if)# ip address 10. 1. 102. 2 255. 255. 255. 248 R2(config-if)# no shutdown R2(config-if)# exit R2(config)# interface Serial 0/0/1 R2(config-if)# description R2-;R3 R2(config-if)# clock rate 64000 R2(config-if)# bandwidth 64 R2(config-if)# ip address 10.. 203. 2 255. 255. 255. 248 R2(config-if)# no shutdown R2(config-if)# exit R3(config)# interface Serial 0/0/0 R3(config-if)# description R3-;R1 R3(config-if)# clock rate 64000 R3(config-if)# bandwidth 64 R3(config-if)# ip address 10. 1. 103. 3 255. 255. 255. 248 R3(config-if)# no shutdown R3(config-if)# exit R3(config)# interface Serial 0/0/1 R3(config-if)# description R3-;R2 R3(config-if)# bandwidth 64 R3(config-if)# ip address 10. 1. 203. 3 255. 255. 255. 248 R3(config-if)# no shutdown All contents are Copyright © 1992–2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 3 of 23 CCNPv6 ROUTE R3(config-if)# exit c. Verify connectivity by pinging across each of the local networks connected to each router. d. Issue the show interfaces description command on each router. This command

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displays a brief listing of the interfaces, their status, and a description (if a description is configured). Router R1 is shown as an example. R1# show interfaces description Interface Status Fa0/0 admin down Fa0/1 admin down Se0/0/0 up Se0/0/1 up Vl1 up Lo11 up Lo15 up Lo19 up Protocol Description down down up R1-;R2 up R1-;R3 down up up up. Issue the show protocols command on each router. This command displays a brief listing of the interfaces, their status, and the IP address and subnet mask configured (in prefix format /xx) for each interface. Router R1 is shown as an example. R1# show protocols Global values: Internet Protocol routing is enabled FastEthernet0/0 is administratively down, line protocol is down FastEthernet0/1 is administratively down, line protocol is down Serial0/0/0 is up, line protocol is up Internet address is 10. 1. 102. 1/29 Serial0/0/1 is up, line protocol is up Internet address is 10.. 103. 1/29 Vlan1 is up, line protocol is down Loopback11 is up, line protocol is up Internet address is 10. 1. 1. 1/30 Loopback15 is up, line protocol is up Internet address is 10. 1. 1. 5/30 Loopback19 is up, line protocol is up Internet address is 10. 1. 1. 9/30 Step 2: Configure EIGRP. a. Enable EIGRP AS 100 for all interfaces on R1 and R2 using the commands used in the previous EIGRP lab. Do not enable EIGRP yet on R3. For your reference, these are the commands which can be used: R1(config)# rout

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